肺癌前病变的形态学和免疫组织化学标记物研究进展

Progress in morphology and immunohistochemical markers of lung precancer lesions

世界范围内，肺癌已跃居成为癌症患者死亡原因的首位。早期诊断对降低肺癌病死率至关重要。世界卫生组织已确定了支气管上皮的3种癌前病变：鳞状上皮异常增生和原位癌、非典型腺瘤样增生和弥漫性特发性神经内分泌细胞增生。另外，细支气管炎和细支气管柱状细胞不典型增生也被认为是腺癌的癌前病变。对肺癌癌前病变形态学特征及其伴随的分子和基因学变化的深入了解可能为肺癌的早期诊断提供新的方向。

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death for cancer patients in the world. Early diagnosis of precancer lesions may be crucial for decreasing lung cancer mortality. The World Health Organization has defined three preneoplastic lesions of the bronchial epithelium..squamous epithelium dysplasia and carcinoma in situ,atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. Otherwise,bronchiolitis and bronchiolar columnar cell dysplasia can be thought as preneoplastic lesions of adenocarcinoma. The deeper knowledge of molecular and genetic changes accompanying precaneer states may provide new directions for early diagnosis of lung cancer.