深井超深井碳酸盐岩储层深度改造技术——以塔里木油田为例

The intensive stimulation technologies of carbonate reservoirs in deep and ultra-deep wells:A case study of the Tarim Oilfield

塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩储层具有埋藏深、温度高、油气藏类型复杂、非均质性强等特点,这使得储层深度改造技术成为世界级难题。在低伤害前置液、地面交联酸、乳化酸等材料技术飞速发展的基础上,通过建立大型物理模型,并对酸蚀裂缝导流、酸岩反应动力学等酸压裂机理进行深入研究,初步形成了适应不同储层特点的具有针对性的储层多元化深度改造技术,如深度酸压技术、水力压裂技术、交联酸加砂压裂技术等。塔里木油田碳酸盐岩储层改造的成果及现场应用情况也验证了上述工艺技术的有效性。

The carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim basin,characterized by deep burial,high temperature,complex reservoir types and strong anisotropy,have turned the intensive stimulation technology into a universal problem.On the basis of the theory of the rapidly-developed materials such as low-damage pad fluid,ground crosslinked acid and emulsified acid,etc.,we established a large-scale physical model,then conducted in-depth studies of the acid fracturing mechanism of acid-etched fracture conductivity and acid-rock reaction kinetics,and finally developed preliminarily a series of diversified stimulation technologies in accord with different kinds of reservoirs,including multi-stage injection of different fluid plus closed fracture acidizing,hydraulic fracturing with vegetable gum,hydraulic fracturing with surface crosslinked acid and so on.The field application of the stimulation technologies has achieved good results in carbon reservoirs of the Tarim Oilfield.