酚妥拉明院外抢救重度支气管哮喘伴肺心病和心力衰竭患者的疗效观察

Clinical observation of intravenously injecting phentolamine in patients with severe acute asthma associated with cor pulmonale and heart failure in pre-hospital

目的探讨酚妥拉明院外抢救重度支气管哮喘伴肺心病和心力衰竭患者的疗效。方法将所有40例患者随机分成2组，酚妥拉明组20例应用酚妥拉明3mg＋生理盐水10ml缓慢静注（视病情10～15min注射完），再给予酚妥拉明7mg＋硝酸甘油5nag＋生理盐水250ml中静滴；对照组20例应用甲基强的松龙40mg静注，硝酸甘油5mg＋生理盐水250ml静滴。所有患者在家均用自备喷雾剂1-3种，吸氧。院外急救时均给予持续吸氧。结果酚妥拉明组起效时间为3—15min，平均（8．50±3．73）min，明显短于对照组[10～30min，平均（21．75±6．74）min，P〈0．01]。酚妥拉明组显效率达90％，显著高于对照组（20％，P〈0．01）。结论静注酚妥拉明是院外抢救重度支气管哮喘伴肺心病和心力衰竭患者最快、最有效的方法。

Objective To study the effect of phentolamine in patients with acute asthma associated with cor pulmonale and heart failure in pre-hospital. Methods Randomly dividing 40 cases into two groups - the group one （20 cases） was given the phentolamine and nitroglycerinum while the group two （20 cases） was given methylprednisolone and nitroglycerinum as control. Results It took lesser time in group one to become effective, （8.50±3.73） min, than that in the group two which took （21.75±6.74） rain to become effective. There was a significant difference between two groups （t=7.6880, P =0.0000）. Conclusion The phentolamine is considered more effective in treating the acute asthma patients with cor pulmonale and heart failure at the pre-hospital stage.