南阳盆地烟叶生长气象灾害分析及防灾减灾系统

Analysis of Meteorological Disasters Affecting the Growth of Tobacco in Nanyang Basin and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation System

利用南阳市12个地面气象站1971-2007年的气象资料,分析了南阳盆地烟叶生长期的主要气象灾害。结果表明:30%以上年份都会出现灾情,出现频率为:低温45%,寒潮70%,干旱56%,暴雨34%,冰雹47%,对烟叶生长危害最大的是寒潮和冰雹。为了减少气象灾害的影响,南阳市建立了烟草防灾减灾系统,系统包括专项预报和灾害评价、灾害性天气预警信息发布、烟区抗旱增雨和削雹减灾作业三部分,由专业气象台、烟草部门、人工影响天气指挥中心联合组织实施。

The main meteorological disasters in tobacco growing periods in Nanyang Basin were ana- lyzed by using the meteorological data of the 12 weather stations in Nanyang form 1971 to 2007. The resuits showed that 30% of the years there will be disasters. The occurrence frequency is low temperature 45% , cold wave 70% , drought 56% , heavy rain 34% , and hail 47%. Cold wave and hail disserved the growing tobacco largest. In order to reduce the effect of meteorological disasters, Nanyang found the tobacco disaster prevention and mitigation system, the system includes three parts, specific forecasting and disaster assessment, releasing disaster weather warning information and rainfall increasing and hail decreasing work in tobacco-growing areas, and it will be implemented jointly by three organizations as the specific weather station, the tobacco sector and the man-influenced weather centre.