大麦雄性不育的遗传研究

Genetic Study on Barley Male Sterility

[目的]对大麦雄性不育性的遗传机理进行系统的研究,为培育出大麦强杂交优势的杂交种提供理论参考。[方法]对4份大麦雄性不育材料2001-17、2001-37、2001-84、2001-116及其衍生后代的雄性不育性状的育性分离现象及形态特征和主要农艺性状进行观察和研究。[结果]大麦雄性不育的遗传存在因环境刺激偶尔表现出显性单基因核不育遗传现象,其不育性受单显性核基因MS控制,其不育基因型为MSms;大麦雄性不育性状存在稳定的核质互作型遗传,其不育性受细胞质不育基因S,核不育隐性基因rr控制,不育基因型为S(rr),该雄性不育属于CMS型不育;温度对育性没有影响。[结论]大麦雄性不育性状存在稳定核质互作型遗传,该研究结果对大麦的实际生产起到积极的推动作用。

[ Objective ] The aim was to research the genetic mechanism of barley male sterility, and provide the theoretical reference for breeding strong heterosis hybrid of barley. [ Method ] Fertility segregation phenomenon, morphological characteristics and main agronomic characters of male sterility character of four kinds of barley male sterility materials 2001-17, 2001-37, 2001-84 and 2001-116 and their derived lines were observed and researched. [ Result] Barley male sterility existed genetic phenomenon of single dominant nuclear gene caused by environmental stimulation, its sterility controlled by MS, the sterile genotype was MSms. There was stable nucleo-cytoplasmie inheritance on barley male sterility which was controlled by cytoplasmic male sterile gene S and nuclear gene rr, and its genotype was S（ rr）, this male sterility belonged to CMS type sterility. Temperature had no effect on fertility. [ Conclusion] There was stable nueleo-eytoplasmic inheritance on barley male sterility, this result played a positively promoting role in barley practical production.