不同诱变方法对无花果水培驯化效果的比较研究

Comparative Studies on the Domestication of Fig in Water Culture by Different Induction Mutation Methods

[目的]为水培植物的驯化提供参考。[方法]用1年生无花果枝条作插条,用IBA和IAA进行化学诱变,用磁铁进行物理诱变,研究无花果的水培驯化技术。[结果]500 mg/L IBA处理的无花果插条的生根时间为12 d;500 mg/L IAA处理的无花果插条的生根时间为20 d;磁铁处理的无花果插条的生根时间为15 d。30 d后,1 000 mg/L IBA处理的无花果插条的生根数为20条;1 500 mg/L IBA处理的无花果插条的生根数为4条;磁铁处理的无花果插条的生根数为13条。1 500 mg/L IBA处理的无花果插条发新叶需要16 d;500mg/L IAA处理的无花果插条发新叶需要26 d;磁铁处理的无花果插条发新叶需要25 d。30 d后,1 000、1 500 mg/L IAA处理的无花果插条有8片叶;500 mg/L IAA处理的无花果插条有4片叶;磁铁处理的无花果插条有6片叶。[结论]物理方法和化学方法均能促进无花果的水培诱变,且磁铁处理的综合效果较佳。

[ Objective ] The study aimed to provide references for the domestication of water culture plants. [ Method ] With one-year old fig branches as cuttings, they were induced by chemical mutation with IBA and IAA and by physical mutation with magnet so as to study the do- mestication technique of fig in water culture. [ Result] The rooting time of fig cuttings treated with 500 mg/L IBA was 12 d, that of fig cuttings treated with 500 mg/L 1AA was 20 d and that of fig cuttings treated with magnet was 15 d. After 30 d, the root number of fig cutting treated with 1 000 mg/L IBA was 20, that of fig cutting treated with 1 500 mg/L IBA was 4 and that of fig cutting treated with magnet was 13. The fig cuttings treated with 1 500 mg/L IBA needed 16 d to grow out new leaves, that treated with 500 mg/L IBA needed 26 d and that treated with magnet needed 25 d. After 30 d, the fig cutting treated with 1 000 mg/L and 1 500 mg/L IAA had 8 leaves, that treated with 500 mg/ L IAA had 4 leaves and that treated with magnet had 6 leaves. [ Conclusion] The mutation of fig in water culture could be promoted by both physical and chemical methods and the comprehensive effect of treatment with magnet was better.