玉米秸秆液化工艺研究

Study on the Liquefaction Technology of Corn Stalks

[目的]优化玉米秸秆液化工艺。[方法]以液化率为指标,通过单因素试验筛选出适宜的液化剂和催化剂,并通过正交试验优化液化工艺。[结果]EC和EC+EG的液化效果较好,液化60 min时液化率就接近于80%;EG的液化效果较差,液化100 min时液化率才达到70%。以浓硫酸为催化剂,EC和EC+EG为液化剂的玉米秸秆的液化率接近80%;以磷酸为催化剂二者的液化率接近50%;以浓盐酸为催化剂,EC为液化剂的玉米秸秆的液化率不到24%,EC+EG为液化剂的玉米秸秆的液化率只有11%;以碳酸钠和氢氧化钠为催化剂的玉米秸秆的液化率不到5%。较优液化工艺为添加3%催化剂在160℃下液化1.0 h,此条件下玉米秸秆的液化率为90.56%。[结论]液化温度是影响液化率的最主要因素,其次是催化剂用量,影响最小的是液化时间。

[ Objective ] The study aimed to optimize the liquefaction technology of corn stalks. [ Method ] With liquefaction rate as index, the suitable liquefier and catalyst were screened out through single factor experiments and the liquefaction technology was optimized through orthogonal experiment. [ Result] The liquefaction effects of EC and EC ＋ EG were better and their liquefaction rates were close to 80% after liquefaction for 60 min. The liquefaction effect of EG was worse and its liquefaction rate did not reach 70% till liquefaction for 100 min. With concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst, the liquefaction rates of corn stalks with EC and EC ＋ EG as liquefier were close to 80% ; with phosphoric acid as catalyst, their liquefaction rates were close to 50%. With concentrated hydrochloric acid as catalyst, the liquefaction rate of corn stalks with EC as liquefier was 24% and that of corn stalks with EC ＋ EG as liquefier was only 11%. The liquefaction rate of corn stalks with sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide as catalyst was lower than 5%. The better liquefaction technology was adding 3% catalyst and liquefying at 160 ℃ for 1.0 h. Under this condition, the liquefaction rate of corn stalks was 90.56%. [ Conclusion] Liquefaction temperature was the most primary factor influencing liquefaction rate, the second was the dosage of catalyst and the influence of liquefaction time was least.