东魏北齐国家的权力结构与豪族大土地所有制

Country Power Structure and Wealthy and Powerful Family Large-scale Land Ownership in the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasties

东魏北齐的国家政权主要掌握在以高欢为代表的北镇勋贵手中,这使得东魏北齐国家的经济政策完全以维护北镇勋贵的利益为中心。为了维系国家正常运转,东魏北齐曾将抑制豪族大土地所有制的重点放在相对容易的搜括荫户之上。但是在遭到严重破坏的均田制没有改善的前提下,单靠国家强力推行的检括行动收效甚微。北齐中期为了增加财政收入而实行的河清均田,也没有触动豪族的大地产。普通小农也没有在均田中得到多少利益,相反在国家横征暴敛、贪官污吏的压迫、豪族大土地的兼并下,很快破产沦为豪族的荫户,从而使得北齐国家的经济基础不复存在。

The Eastern Wei Dynasty Northern Qi Dynasty＇ s state power is mainly grasps, in follows in the northern town wealthy and powerful families hand which high happy dispatches troops into battle, this causes the Eastern Wei Dynasty Northern Qi Dynasty country the economic policy completely take to maintain the northern town wealthy and powerful families the benefit as a center. In order to maintain the national normal work, the Eastern Wei Dynasty Northern Qi Dynasty will once suppress the wealthy and powerful families large- scale land ownership key point, places relatively easily to fleece above the shade household, but in encounters the heavy damage under the system of equalized field allotments improvement premise, depends on national force carrying out to examine only includes the motion to have little effect. The Northern Qi Dynasty intermediate stage to increase the river which the financial revenue implements clear equalized field, also has not touched the wealthy and powerful families the large estate. But the ordinary small farmer actually has not obtained how many benefits in equalized field, on the contrary in the country extorts taxes ruthlessly, corrupt officials＇oppression, under the wealthy and powerful families big land annexation, the very quick bankruptcy degenerates into the wealthy and powerful families the shade household, thus causes the Northern Qi Dynasty country the economic basis not to exist, becomes the Northern Qi Dynasty to perish country＇s substantial clause.