传统与现代之间:中国近代知识分子的嬗变特征

Between the Tradition and Modernity:The Evolution of Chinese intellectuals at Present Times

从鸦片战争到新文化运动半个多世纪的近代历程中,随着中国社会的转型,中国知识分子也开始了由传统向现代的嬗变。这一过程可以大略分为以鸦片战争时期"师夷"思想的提出,学习西方自然科技和初步探求西方社会政治思想,以西方社会政治思想为基础寻求中国社会根本变革三个时期。在逐步加深对西方文化的学习和认识中,富于社会责任意识的中国传统知识分子在寻求救亡图存的道路中不断地改变着自身的知识结构和思想意识,与传统渐行渐远而趋向现代。

In more than half a century of modem history course from the Opium War in 1840 to the New Culture Movement in 1915 ,with the transformation of Chinese society, the intellectuals had started the evolution from the traditional to modernity. This process can be roughly divided into to three periods： the Opium War period when the thought of ＂Shi Yi＂ was stated, the Westernize Movement while studying the Western natural science and technology and primarily seeking the social politics thought from the West, the period of the Polity Reform Movement in 1898 and the Revolution in 1911 all which were to transform the Chinese society radically by the way of studying the West social politics conception. Along with the gradually deepening of studying the Western culture, the intellectuals which were wealth of the Chinese traditional sense of social responsibility had made their knowledge structure and ideology changed unceasingly ,in the searching for saving the nation , they were drifting further and further away from the traditional and closing to the modernity.