水弹射击条件下火炮复进机的工作特性分析

Analysis of Characteristics of Artillery Counter-recoil Mechanism Operation in Water-shell Firing

为研究水弹射击条件下火炮复进机的实际工作特性,采用分段处理气体多变指数的方法,将火炮后坐瞬变过程分为2个压缩子过程和2个膨胀子过程;运用热力学理论分析了实弹和水弹射击条件下各子过程中气体的实际特性与火炮内弹道特性之间的内在关系;利用压力传感器反复测试了2种射击条件下复进机内气体的状态变化.理论分析与实验结果均表明,水弹射击过程中,其内弹道特性通过影响复进机气体系统的内摩擦作用与传热过程,会间接对气体多变指数及复进机工作特性产生影响,使火炮复进速度低于实弹射击.

To study the operation characteristics of artillery counter-recoil mechanism in water-shell firing, a method of piecewise ploytropic exponent was presented, by which the artillery recoil process was divided into four different stages. According to thermodynamic theories, the gas characteristics in each stage and its relationship with the internal ballistic characteristics were analyzed under the condition of real firing and water-shell firing. The gas state changes in real firing and water-shell firing were tested using pressure sensor. The results of theoretical analysis and experiments indicate that, in water-shell firing process, the internal ballistic characteristics can affect the gas ploytropic exponents and the operation characteristics of artillery counter-recoil mechanism indirectly by the internal friction and heat transference, so that the counter-recoil velocity is lower than that of real firing.