基于燃料最省的SGKW共面打击轨道优化设计

Optimization Design of SGKW Coplanar Hit Orbit Based on Minimum-fuel-consumption

天基对地打击动能武器(SGKW)用于从太空对地面高价值战略目标进行快速、准确的打击.针对燃料最省要求,研究了SGKW共面打击轨道优化设计方法,建立了SGKW的无量纲化平面运动模型,利用庞特里亚金极大值原理将燃料最省共面打击轨道的最优控制问题转化为两点边值问题.由于约束条件中存在优化参数,一种基于"遗传算法+序列二次规划"的组合优化算法被用于求解未知参数.仿真结果表明,该方法可有效克服传统优化方法的初值敏感问题,且在过渡段轨道中加入无动力滑行段可以有效降低飞行器的燃料消耗.

The space-to-ground kinetic weapon （SGKW） is mainly used to strike the ground strategic target with high worth, rapidly and exactly from space. According to the requirement of a minimum-fuel-consumption, a method of coplanar hit orbit optimization design for SGKW was studied. The dimensionless planar motion model of SGKW was founded, and the optimal control problem of minimum-fuel-consumption coplanar hit orbit was derived into two-point-boundary- value problem according to Pontryagin maximum principle. Because optimization parameters were involved in the constraint conditions, a combined optimization algorithm based on genetic algorithm and sequential quadratic programming was used to calculate the unknown parameters. Simulation results show that the method presented can solve the issue of initial value sensitivity of traditional optimization approaches and the fuel consumption will be cut down by adding unpowered glide phase into transition trajectory.