基于遗传算法的桁架优化设计

An Optimization Design of Truss by Genetic Algorithm

遗传算法是一种借鉴生物界自然选择和自然遗传机制的随机搜索算法。由于其具有算法简单，不必要求函数连续、导数存在、单峰等特点，并能避开局部最优点而收敛到全局最优点，适用于解常规算法难于处理的问题。采用遗传算法，对桁架结构在满足位移约束及应力约束条件下进行重量最轻优化设计。数值实例表明该算法应用于结构优化设计是有效可行的。

Genetic algorithm (GA) is a random search method realized by borrowing the ideas of natural selection and natural genetic mechanism of the biological kingdom.GA is characterized by its simplicity.It doesn't require the function continuity,the existence of derivative,and the single peak.It also has the capability of avoiding local minimum value to converge to global minimal value.It is often used to solve problems that are difficult for conventional algorithms.In this paper,a genetic algorithm approach which produces optimization design for minimum weight under node desplacement constraints and element stress is presented.And two numerical instances are described to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.