2008年中国心血管专科医师的吸烟现状

Smoking status in Chinese cardiovascular physicians in 2008

目的了解中国心内科医师吸烟现状及吸烟危害。方法2008年6月1日至8月31日，在中国大陆的31个省、自治区、直辖市，共386家综合性医院心内科开展流行病学调查，共收集4032名有执业医师资格的心内科医师资料。结果中国心内科医师的吸烟率为15．2％（95％CI 14．1％～16．3％），其中男性为609名（29．8％）（95％CI 27．8％－31．8％），高于女性的3名（0．2％）（95％CI 0．1％～0．4％）（P〈0．01）。男性重度吸烟比例为6．9％（95％CI 5．9％－8．1％），女性未见重度吸烟者。男性吸烟率的分布有地区间差异，西北、西南地区较高。男性吸烟组有高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症等疾病史的比例均高于非吸烟组（均P〈0．01）；用Framingham量表和国人量表评估的10年心血管疾病绝对风险和相对风险，均为男性吸烟组高于非吸烟组（均P〈0．01）。结论中国男性心血管医师吸烟率较高，应加强对该人群的戒烟。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and hazard of smoking in Chinese cardiovascular physicians. Methods A total of 4032 cardiovascular-certified physicians were recruited from 386 medical centers in all 31 provinces and municipalities in China's Mainland between June 1 2008 and August 31 2008. Results The prevalence of smoking in Chinese cardiovascular physicians was 15.2% （ 95 % CI 14. 1% - 16. 3 % ） , 609 （ 29. 8 % ） （ 95 % CI 27.8 % - 31.8% ） for men was much higher than 3 （0. 2% ） （95% CI 0. 1% -0. 4% ）for women（P 〈0. 01 ）. The prevalence of heavy male smoking was 6. 9% （95% CI 5.9% -8. 1% ）and there was no heavy female smoker. Significant geographic differences were observed among male smokers. Higher smoking rates were seen in the northwest and southwest parts of China. There were significant differences in prevalence of male smoking between areas. The prevalence of history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia in male smoking group were all significantly higher than in male non-smoking group （ all P 〈 0. 01 ） . The 10-year absolute risk and relative risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic cardiovascular disease estimated by Framingham model and Chinese model were all significantly higher in smoking group than in non smoking group （ all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The prevalence of smoking in Chinese cardiovascular physicians is relatively high and smoking cessation should be targeted in this population.