太田痣的色度学研究

Study on the chromaticity of nevus of Ota

目的探讨黄种人正常皮肤和太田痣皮损的色度值分布的范围。方法采用分光测色计CM2600d对300例25—30岁年龄段的黄种人的颊部正常皮肤和251例太田痣患者的皮损处行色度值检测，并对太田痣治疗过程中皮损色度值的变化规律进行研究，采用1976年建立的CIEL^＊a^＊b^＊测色系统进行测量。结果颊部正常皮肤色度值分布在53．04～68．87（62．44±3．33）范围内；将正常皮肤按明度L^＊值分为四级：Ⅰ级（黑）53．0～57．0；Ⅱ级（较黑）57．1～61．0；Ⅲ级（较白）61．1～65．0；Ⅳ级（白）65．1～69．0。太田痣的明度L^＊值明显较正常的低，b^＊值较正常的稍低；将太田痣按色差分为五级：Ⅰ级（轻微）2．0～7．0；Ⅱ级（轻度）7．1～12．0；Ⅲ级（中度）12．1—17．0；Ⅳ级（重度）17．1—22．0；Ⅴ级（极重度）22．1—27．0。当太田痣的色差为2．0—7．0时，说明皮损处经激光治疗后已接近正常皮肤。太田痣经激光逐次治疗后，其皮损色度值的变化呈指数衰减。结论对皮肤色素性疾病的色度学研究有助于疾病的量化诊断、疗效判定和治愈标准的确立，在临床上有一定的实用价值。

Objective To study the colorimetric distribution range of normal facial skin and nevus of Ota of yellow race. Methods The normal cheek skin from 300 cases whose ages ranged from 25 to 30 years old and lesions of nevus of Ota （251 cases） were measured by spectrophotometer CM 2600 d. The chromatic valuechanges of lesions of nevus of Ota before and after laser treatments were investigated by using CIE L＊ a＊ b ＊ color system which published in 1976. Results The L＊ value of normal facial skin was 53.04 - 68.87 （62.44 ± 3.33）. According to the L＊ value, the skin complexion was graded into four grades： Grade Ⅰ （tan） 53.0 -57.0, Grade Ⅱ （intermediate tan） 57.1 -61.0, Grade Ⅲ （intermediate light） 61.1 -65.0, Grade Ⅳ （light） 65.1 -69.0. L＊ value of nevus of Ota was apparently lower than that of normal skin （ P 〈 0. 001 ） , and b ＊ value was slightly lower （ P 〈 0.05 ）. According to the value of chromatic aberration, the lesions of nevus of Ota were graded into five types： Grade Ⅰ （very slight） 2.0 -7. 0, Grade Ⅱ （slight） 7.1 - 12. 0, Grade Ⅲ（intermediate） 12.1 - 17.0, Grade Ⅳ （severe） 17.1 -22.0, Grade Ⅴ （extremely severe） 22.1 -27.0. During the treatment process of nevus of Ota, the value of chromatic aberration between lesion and symmetry normal skin showed decreasing exponential function. Conclusion The study on chromaticity of skin pigmentary diseases is useful for quantitatively diagnosis, assessing therapeutic effect, establishing cure criterion.