黄山栾树体细胞胚的发生和组织学观察

Observation of Somatic Embryogenesis and Histology in Koelreuteria bipinnata Franch var. integrifoliola T. Chen

黄山栾树无菌苗的节间和叶柄离体培养后,其体细胞胚发生的结果表明:节间愈伤组织可诱导产生体细胞胚,而叶柄愈伤组织则生根;节间愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+3.0mg·L-12,4-D+0.5￣3.0mg·L-1NAA;节间胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+2.0mg·L-12,4-D;胚性愈伤组织转移到无植物生长调节剂的MS培养基上可发育成正常植株。组织学观察表明,体细胞胚在胚性愈伤组织中有的发生于愈伤组织表层细胞,有的发生在愈伤组织内部。黄山栾树体细胞胚的形成经历球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚几个阶段,这与合子胚的发育途径相似。

Somatic embryogenesis of Koelreuteria bipinnata var. integrifoliola was studied in this paper. The results showed that somatic embryos were obtained from intersegment callus, and leafstalk callus produced root. Intersegment callus was MS medium＋3.0 mg.L-1 2,4-D＋0.5-3.0 mg-L-1 NAA. Embryonic callus was MS medium＋2.0 mg.L-1 2,4-D. Embryonic callus cells developed to normal seedlings when subcultured on MS medium without plant growth regulator. Histological observation revealed that the somatic embryos produced from cells of superficial callus or cells of inner callus and it successively developed through globular-shaped, heart-shaped, torpedo stages and cotyledon stages, similar to the development of zygotic embryo.