宋明理学对传统法律文化的意义

The Significance of Song and Ming's Neo-Confucianism to the Traditional Legal Culture

宋明理学是元明清社会正统意识形态,无疑对传统法律文化产生重大影响。宋明理学义理法律思想寓政治、道德与法律为一体,将义理观视为根本立法司法原则,进一步强化了传统法律文化的道德化与政治化。宋明理学对义利之辨、士商经济、君臣之义、法的性质等重新演绎,触动民事法律的扩大化,改变了社会诉讼观念,客观上又给高度君主专制法律体系留存了一丝民主倾向。宋明理学"从政为民"、"宽以养民"、"严以治吏"影响了宋元以后统治者立法思想。理学理论与实践社会简约化、世俗化、亲民化的经世致用观念推动了传统法律社会化。

Song and Ming＇s neo - Confucianism was the orthodox ideology, which would undoubtedly have a great effect on the traditional legal culture. The idea of argumentation and law in Song and Ming＇s neo- Confucianism combined politics, morals and laws together. And it always reganted the idea of argumentation as the basic legislative and judicial principle; it further strengthened the politicizafion and moralization. Song and Ming＇ s neo - Confucianism re - deduced the discerning morality from profit, the economy of officials or businessmen, the morals of monarch and subject, and the nature of law; it initiated the broadening of the civil law; it changed the idea of social litigation; and it, in an objective sense , kept a bit of democracy for the legal system of autocratic monarchy. The idea of ＂pohtics for the people＂, ＂to treat people leniently＂ and ＂to treat officials strictly＂ in Song and Ming＇s neo- Confucianism influenced the legislative ideology of the rulers after Song and Yuan dynasties. The longstanding idea of simplicity, seculatization, and propinquity in the theory of neo - Confucianism and the social practice did promote the socialization of traditional law.