16-18世纪欧洲高等教育发展考略——以神、哲、法、自然科学之变动为视角

A Survey on Development of European Higher Education:1500—1800——taking changes of theology,philosophy,jurisprudence and natural sciences as perspectives

从16至18世纪,人文主义与启蒙运动相率兴起,欧洲高等教育遭逢了前所未有的发展机遇。这一时期欧洲高等教育中的神学、哲学、法学、自然科学四科均出现了相关变动。神学逐渐没落,哲学迅然兴盛,法学得以显扬,而自然科学也呈现勃兴之势。据此,我们可以一窥16-18世纪欧洲高等教育的发展脉络。循着这条脉络,欧洲高等教育发展的车辙便紧扣着世俗化与近代化的轨迹伸向前方。

During the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries , Humanism and Enlightenment were springing up continuously . European higher education was confronted with an unprecendented opportunity for development. In this period, there occurred some relevant changes in theology , jurisprudence , philosophy and natural sciences. Theology was gradually declining, philosophy was swiftly blooming,jurisprudence was obviously protruding, and natural sciences were displaying themselves in roaring strength . Based upon it , we are able to see the developing trend of European higher education . Along tiffs trend , the moving traces of European higher education was extending themselves forward with a close adherence to secularization and early - modernization.