日光温室不同矮蔓型西葫芦的干物质生产与分配研究

Dry Matter Production and Distribution of Bush and Semi-bush Cucurbita pepo L. under Greenhouse Production

对4个不同矮蔓型西葫芦品种的干物质生产与分配进行研究,结果表明,半矮蔓与矮蔓西葫芦品种各器官干物质含量没有显著差异,根、茎、叶、果干物质含量分别为:9%、6%、12%、5%;全生育期群体生长率(cropgrowth rate,CGR)半矮蔓品种平均为17.2g/(m2·d),而矮蔓品种为12.5g/(m2·d),半矮蔓品种是矮蔓品种的1.38倍;苗期、结果初期、结果中期、结果后期的当前干物质生产量半矮蔓品种分别是矮蔓品种的1.07、1.28、1.26、1.91倍,后期干物质生产衰减与矮蔓品种的早衰存在着相互依存关系;当前干物质的分配率营养器官与生殖器官的比半矮蔓品种为2.7∶1,矮蔓品种为2.1∶1;干物质累积值半矮蔓品种是矮蔓品种的1.4倍,果实干质量累积值半矮蔓品种是矮蔓品种的1.27倍,半矮蔓品种干物质向果实的分配率约为30.8%,矮蔓品种约为34.7%,单位面积干物质生产量的提高是半矮蔓品种果实干质量高于矮蔓品种的主要原因。

Research of dry matter production and distribution of four different squash varieties in two-year showed that dry matter contents of root, stem,leaf and fruit organ of semi-bush and bush Zucchini were similar and were 9%, 6%, 12% and 5%,respectively. The average crop growth rate （CGR）of semi-bush was 17.2 g/（m^2.d） ,while the bush varieties was 12.5 g/ （m^2. d） for the whole growth period. The current dry matter of semi-bush varieties at seedling stage, the early, middle and late fruit production stage were 1.07,1.28,1.26 and 1.91 times of the bush varieties. The reduction of dry matter is responsibIe for the decline of growth of bush varieties at Iate stage. The ratio of current of dry matter of fruit and vegetative organs was 2.7 ： 1 for the semi-bush varieties,2.1 ： 1 for bush varieties spread. Dry matter accumulation of semi-bush varieties was 1.4 times of bush varieties. Fruit dry weight accumulation of semi-bush varieties was 1.27 times of bush varieties. Distribution of dry matter to fruit was 30.8% for semi-bush varieties and 34.7% for bush varieties. Higher fruit yield of semi bush varieties is because of the higher dry matter per unit of space.