穿剌芽孢杆菌防治根结线虫的盆栽试验

The Potted Experiments of Controlling the Root knot Nematodes with Bacillus penetrans

在番茄、辣椒和鸡冠花中进行的盆栽试验表明：穿剌芽孢杆菌对感染根结线虫的植物都有保护效果，大约可使虫口密度降低７５％～８０％；同时该菌使根结线虫致根变重的情况有所缓和，从而根冠比倒转的症状有很大改善．各组试验的解剖结果证明，穿剌芽孢杆菌的寄生都导致虫瘿、卵块、雌虫、雄虫以及各期幼虫明显减少．

Author prepared the preparation of Bacillus penetrans successfully in 1991. In order to indicate the effect of these preparations,the potted experiments of tomato,chilli and cookscomb plants were engaged in.When the tomato seedings were inoculatd with 15 000 larvae of Meloidogyne spp., they wilted seriously in 22nd day and died in 27th day. Whereas when these plants were inoculated with the same quantity of the larvae infectd with B. penetrans , although one plant wilted in 22nd day, other two plants still lived up to being dissected in 132nd day. The root system of the wilted plant dissected in 22nd day, indicating that the galls, egg sacs, females, males and all stage of larvae produced by tomato plant inoculated with larvae infected with B.penetrans are 75.4%, 79%, 63%, 91% and 43.5% less than that without these bacteria, respectively. The chilli seedings were inoculated with 7 000 larvae of M. incognita infected with B. penetrans. The root system dissected in 83rd day after inoculation indicated that the galls, egg sacs, females and all stage of larvae produced by chilli plant inoculated with the larvae that infected with B.penetrans are 97.5%, 96.7%, 95.4% and 98.7% less than that without it, respectively. The tomato seedlings were inoculated with 5 000 larvae of Meloidogyne infected with B. penetrans. The root system dissected in 75th day after inoculation,indicating that the galls , egg sacs, females, males and all stage of larvae produced by tomato plant inoculated with the larvae that infected with these bacteria are 64.2%, 67.6%, 81%, 100% and 75.3%, less than that without it, respectively. The cockscomb seedlings were inoculated with 5 000 larvae of Meloidogyne infected with B. penetrans. The root system dissected in 55th day after inoculation,indicating that the galls, egg sacs, females ,males and all stage larvae produced by cockscomb plant inoculated with the larvae that infected with these bacteria are 96%, 98.5%, 97.7%, 100% and 100% less than that without it. From These results above, it can be seen that the spores of B. penetrans can depress the populations of root knot nematodes obviously. Therefore, they are a promising preparation for biological control.