晚清实业教育的制度文化惰性探源及启示

Exploration on Institution Culture Inertia of Industrial Education in Late Qing Dynasty and the Enlightenments

我国封建社会多重的特权、森严的社会等级和单一的人才选拔等制度,固化出官本位意识下的职业观,封建社会后期的人力资源浪费、科技水平落后、科技工商人才匮乏以及晚清实业教育发展中存在的教育歧视、师资短缺、生源与办学定位不准等问题都与此相关。新时期我国职业教育的发展,应弘扬以人为本的现代职教观,塑造适应现代市场经济发展的人才观,加快建设高等教育"双线制"体系,提高职业教育的社会认可度。

The multiple privileges,forbidding social classes and unitary talent selection system in feudalism society in China resulted in the professional view of official-based sense.The waste of human resources,outdated technological level,lack of scientific and commercial talents and problems including educational discrimination,teaching staff shortage,wrong school running orientation and student sources existed in the development of industrial education in late Qing dynasty all have some relations with the professional view. The development of vocational education in new era in China should try to carry forward humanity-based modem vocational education view, shape the talent view that adjust to modem market economy development, accelerate to build ＂dual-line system＂ for higher education and enhance social recognition degree of vocational education.