小学一年级学生弱视筛查方法探讨

Discussion on Amblyopia Screening Tests for First Grade Students in Primary Schools

目的探讨筛查小学一年级学生弱视的有效方法,为开展小学生视力筛查提供参考。方法对4 326名北京市西城区小学一年级学生筛查远视力,对视力不良者采用小瞳孔下电脑验光来筛查弱视。结果北京市西城区小学一年级学生视力不良检出率为11.07%;78人单眼或双眼怀疑为弱视;疑似为弱视和已诊断为弱视的学生占全体学生的3.84%,占视力不良学生的34.65%。疑似弱视学生的屈光状态以远视为主。68.19%的已确诊为弱视的学生中断治疗,31.81%的已确诊为弱视的学生正在治疗。结论远视力配合小瞳孔屈光检查值得在小学生弱视筛查中推广。应对弱视学生的家长进行健康教育,促进家长对弱视治疗的配合,从而提高弱视的治愈率。

Objective To explore and discuss the effective and practical ways of amblyopia screening tests in schools and also some problems that should be paid attention to, and to provide reference for amblyopia screening. Methods Screen for distant visual acuity in all first grade students of primary schools, then screen for the amblyopia within the weak-eyed group by means of computer optometry. Results The incidence of visual adverse was 11.07%. 78 students were suspected to be monocular or binocular amblyopia. The incidence of students with suspected or diagnosed amblyopia was 3.84% , and in 34.65% of students with poor eyesight. The refractive status of the students with suspected amblyopia were mainly hyperopia. 68.19% of the diagnosed cases stopped their treatments, the other 31.81% were being treated. Conclusion Distant visual acuity screening plus mierocoria optometry test is worthy of generalization in the screening tests for amblyopia among school health care organizations. Parents of amblyopic students should take health education to improve their knowledge of amblyopia, so that the parents＇ cooperation in the treatment of amplyopia can be enhanced and the treatment can also be sustained long-term, thus improve the cure rate of amblyopia.