浙江天童常绿阔叶林地被层的种类组成

The Species Composition of the Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest Floor in Tiantong, Zhejiang Province

本文对天童常绿阔叶林地被层的种类组成进行了初步研究。研究表明：组成地被层计有维管植物44科78属114种。蕨类植物优势度最大，里白占绝对优势。草本植物39种，以世界分布科和地面芽植物为主，常绿种类占84．6％，未见亚洲和北美洲间断分布属的地理成分。乔灌木幼苗51种，80％的苗量集中于4～6个种中。藤本植物24种，草质藤本占25％，落叶种类占42％。啮齿类动物对乔木优势种种子损耗作用最大。地面苔藓植物（22种）与枯枝落叶构成镶嵌分布，发育较成熟的群落中活地被层低矮、稀疏、盖度小、物种多样性指数高、乔灌木幼苗密度大，苔藓种类多，盖度大。死地被物存在枯死物和凋落物的区别，枯死物主要由里白枯叶构成，滞留于地被层中。

The species composition of the evergreen broad - leaved forest floor in Tiantong were studied. The results were as follows: there were 44 families, 78 genera 114 species of vascular plants in the living floor, and in which the pteridophyta were the most dominant, in particular,the Diplopterygium gleucum occupied the most dominant among the Pteridophyta. The cosmopolitan families and hemicryptophyte occupied the highest percentage of the herbs, in which,the evergreen species occupied 84. 6 %. And the geners of the Asian and North American discontinuous distribution were not discovered. The seedling of tree and shrub accounted 51 species, in which, 80% of the numbers belonged to 4~6 species. There were 24 species of liana in the living floor, in which, the herbaceous species occupied 25%, and the deciduous species occupied 42%. The seeds of the tree dominant species were consumed mostly by rodents. On the ground,between Bryophytes cover and litter exhibited mosaic distribution pattem. In late - successional communities, the living floor were shorter, less density, less coverage, higher species diversity index, higher seedling density of the tree and shrub, more Bryophytes species, higher Bryophytes coverage. There were differences between the litter of weed and litter fall in the died floor. Main components of the litter of weed were the died leaves of Diplopterygium glaucum,which remained on the plant.