广西英罗湾红树林表土沉积的孢粉学研究

Palynological Study on the Surface Samples of Mangrove in Yingluo Bay,Guangxi

对广西英罗湾红树林的木榄（Ｂｒｕｇｕｉｅｒａｇｙｍｎｏｒｈｉｚａ）、秋茄（Ｋａｎｄｅｌｉａｃａｎｄｅｌ）、红海榄（Ｒｈｉｚｏｐｈｏｒａｓｔｙ－ｌｏｓａ）、桐花树（Ａｅｇｉｃｅｒａｓｃｏｎｎｉｃｕｌａｔｕｍ）、海漆（Ｅｘｃｏｅｃａｒｉａａｇａｌｏｃｈａ）五个群落表土孢粉样品进行系统的分析，研究结果表明：（１）红树林表土孢粉能正确反映其植被组成，红树类孢粉在组合中占４０％～７０％左右，但不同群落其比例略有差异，秋茄群落最高，达总数４８％～７７．３％，桐花树群落略低，为３９．７５％～４６．２％，高潮线堤岸的海漆群落最低，仅为１３．８％～３７．８％；（２）在红树林表土孢粉组合中，红树类花粉比例从群落中心向群落内外侧减低，不同群落亦有差异；（３）红树林表土孢粉组合混有一定的外来种类，其动力因素为风的吹扬和流水搬运，外来孢粉以松最多，其次为水龙骨科等孢子，草本花粉最少；（４）红树林孢粉组合能很好指示其生态环境，反映热带季风海洋气候，温度、降水、含盐度、有机质含量等，指示年均气温２１～２５℃、降水量１４００～２０００ｍｍ，土壤含盐度４．６％～２７．８％，有机质３％～５％的生态环境。

Surface pollen samples,Which were collected from Bruguiera gymnorhiza,Kandelia candel,Rhizorphora sytlosa,Aegiceras conniculatum and Excoecaria agallocha mangrove communities in Yingluo Bay,Guangxi,have been systmatically analysed.The results show that: (1)The sporopollen assemblage in surface samples of mangrove can reflect its vegetation correctly.Mangrove pollen constitutes about 40%～70% of the sporopollen assemblage,but their contents variety in different community.The Kandelia candel community take the first place,with 48.1%～77.3%,and Aegiceras cornicatum community constitutes a little less than the former with 39.75%～46.2%,then the lowest one is Excoecaria agallocha community along the embankment located on the high tidal line,only with 13.8%～37.8%. (2)The content of mangrove pollen declines from the centre to its around,but there is a bit variation in different community. (3)There are some external sporpollen in the sporopollen assemblage in surface samples of mangrove,which resulted from the spreading of wind and the transportation of water.The majority of external sporopollen is Pinus ,and Polyopdiaceae comes next,then the herb does the lowest. (4)The sporopollen assemblage of mangrove indicates its ecological environment,and reflectes tropical marine monsoon climate,temperature,precipitation,salinity,organic content and so on.The sporopollen assemblage indicated the temperature of 21～25℃,precipitation of 1 400～2 000 mm,salinity of 4 6‰～27 6‰,and organic content of 3%～5%.