救生艇中的生存:哈丁的南北政治观述评

Escaping for Survival for Themselves:the Political View of Garrett Hardin about South-North Relation

救生艇理论是加勒特.哈丁(GarrettHardin)所提出的有关全球环境恶化背景下的南北政治观。哈丁把南北国家(穷国和富国)隐喻为漂流在大海上的救生艇。当穷国的救生艇上的人处于危机状态向富国的救生艇求救时,哈丁认为,最理性的做法就是独自离去,谁也不救。以这个隐喻模型为依据,哈丁围绕南北关系论提出了反援助观,质疑和批评了世界银行的成立和所谓的绿色革命,阐述了执行关门主义移民政策的必要性与合理性。

The Lifeboat Theory is put forward by Garret Hardin against a background in which global environment is badly damaged. Garret Hardin compares rich countries and poor countries to lifeboats floated on a sea. Constantly, the poor fall out of their lifeboats and swim for a while in the water outside, hoping to be saved by a rich lifeboat. What should the passengers on a rich lifeboat do ？ In Garret Hardin＇ opinion, the best way to do for rich people is escaping for themselves. On the basis of lifeboat metaphor, Garret Hardin argues that rich countries should not aid poor countries, and he criticizes the proposal to found World Bank and start the so- called green revolution, and explains it is necessary for rich counties to close the immigration door to people of poor countries.