小湾水电站工程地下洞室开挖方法小结

Summary on the Excavation Method of Underground Cavern Chamber of Xiaowan Hydropower Station

合理的开挖方法,对地下工程施工进度、安全、质量控制至关重要。浙江华东工程咨询有限公司承担了小湾水电工程引水发电系统地下洞室群、双曲拱坝坝肩抗力岩体地质缺陷加固处理置换洞、导流洞、泄洪洞以及左、右岸交通洞、排水(泥)洞、灌浆洞等多达200条地下洞(井)室的施工监理,在长达7年的地下洞室开挖施工监理过程中,始终高度重视合理开挖方法的研究、控制、总结,实现了安全施工,达到了进度效果,积累了丰富经验;通过对小湾水电工程地下洞(井)室开挖方法的得失总结,以大量的具体事例探讨了地下洞(井)室开挖方法分类特点、开挖要点、配套设备、进度效果、安全重点,以期对大型地下洞室群开挖施工方法研究提供借鉴。

Scientific Excavating method is very important for the construction progress, safety and quality control＇ of underground project. Zhejiang Huadong Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd. undertook the supervisory task of water diversion and power generation system, underground cavern works, the reinforcement of abutment rock body with geological defects for double curvature arch dam, replacement tunnel, diversion tunnel, spillway tunnel, traffic tunnels in right and left banks, drainage （mud） tunnel, as well as grouting tunnel, and so on, with tunnel amount of up to 200. During 7-year supervision of excavation construction of underground caverns, we have always attached great importance to study, control and sum up the reasonable excavation methods so that we have achieved safety construction and progress on schedule and accumulated rich experience. This paper sums up the gains and losses from the excavation of underground caverns of Xiaowan Hydropower Project, presents many examples to discuss the method classification, excavation keys, corollary equipment, progress and safety of the excavation of underground cavern, which could be used for reference in the study on the excavation methods of large scale underground cavern group.