口罩滤材对非生物颗粒气溶胶和微生物气溶胶过滤效率的评价

EVALUATION ON THE FILTRATION EFFICIENCY OF THE MASK FILTRATION MATERIALS AGAINST NON-BIOLOGICAL PARTICLES AND MICROBIAL AEROSOL

目的评价不同类型口罩滤材对非生物颗粒气溶胶和微生物气溶胶过滤效率。方法采用人工气溶胶和仪器采样方法,对医用外科口罩和医用防护口罩滤材滤除不同气溶胶的效率进行了评价。结果经过恒温恒湿(温度38℃和相对湿度85%)处理的医用外科口罩材料对氯化钠溶液雾化颗粒气溶胶过滤效率为41.46%,未经恒温恒湿处理的该口罩材料过滤效率为41.14%,二者差异不显著(P>0.05)。医用防护口罩滤材对氯化钠溶液雾化颗粒气溶胶过滤效率为99.45%。医用外科口罩材料对金黄色葡萄球菌气溶胶过滤效率为94.78%,医用防护口罩滤材对金黄色葡萄球菌气溶胶的过滤效率为99.73%。结论外科口罩材料对非生物颗粒气溶胶过滤效率均在50%以下,医用防护口罩对非生物颗粒气溶胶和细菌气溶胶过滤效率均达到99%以上。

Objective To evaluate the filtration efficiency of different types of mask filtration materials against non - bio- logical particles aerosol and microbial aerosol. Methods The filtration efficiency of surgical mask and medical protection mask materials against different aerosols was determined by using artificial aerosol and sampling by the instruments. Results The filtration efficiency of treated （38℃ and 85% RH） surgical mask materials against NaCI aerosol was 41.46% and that of the untreated one was 41.14%. There was no difference between the two materials （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The filtration effi- ciency of medical protection mask material against NaCl aerosol was 99.45%. The filtration efficiency of the surgical mask material against Staphylococcus aureus aerosol was 94.78% and that of the medical protection mask material was 99.73%. Conclusions The filtration efficiency of the surgical mask material against non - biological aerosol was below 50% , while that of the medical protection mask material against both non - biological and microbial aerosol was over 99%.