酶法、酸水渗漉及大孔吸附树脂提取川乌的比较研究

Comparison of enzymatic, acid percolation and macroporous adsorbing resins extraction methods for radix aconiti

利用纤维素酶辅助提取乌头生物碱,以乌头碱、乌头总碱产量为指标,正交实验优化纤维素酶的最佳提取条件,再与酸水、大孔吸附树脂提取方法进行比较。结果:提取乌头碱、乌头总碱的最佳酶解条件为:温度45℃,pH值4.5,酶用量8mg/g,酶解时间5h,乌头碱产量为24.47μg/g,乌头总碱产量为2444.10μg/g,酸水提取乌头碱、乌头总碱产量分别为13.27μg/g、1534.70μg/g,大孔吸附树脂提取乌头碱、乌头总碱产量分别为15.19μg/g、1728.15μg/g,纤维素酶提取法具有明显的优势。酶解提取法可显著提高乌头碱、乌头总碱的产量,可在实际生产中推广应用。

The optimum condition of enzymatic extraction has been obtained by orthogonal test and compared with semi-bionic and alcohol reflux extraction by taking the yields of aconitine and aconitum alkaloids as indexes. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows： the temperature was 45 ℃, pH is 4.5, the amount of cellulose enzyme was 88 mg/g, the extracting time was 5 h and the yield of aconitine was 24.47 ug/g,aconitum alkaloids was 2444.10μg/g. The yields of aconitine and aconitum alkaloids of acid percolation extraction were 13.27 μg/g, 1534.70 μg/g respectively. The yields of aconitine and aconitum alkaloids of macroporous adsorbing resins extraction were 15.19 μg/g, 1728.15 μg/g respectively. The enzymatic extraction has a significant advantage. The enzymatic extraction significantly improve the yields of aconitine and aconitum alkaloids, it can be applied in practice.