毫米波辐射孕鼠对仔代的影响

THE EFFECTS OF MILLIMETER WAVE IRRADIATION ON THE POSTERITIES OF MICE

为阐明毫米波导致仔鼠学习记忆功能降低机制，用３７．４ＧＨｚ～６０ＧＨｚ、１ｍＷ／ｃｍ２～８ｍＷ／ｃｍ２毫米波在小鼠怀孕６～１５天进行２ｈ／ｄ辐射，用电迷宫对仔鼠进行学习记忆功能测试，用ＲＢＡ、ＨＰＬＣ－ＥＣＤ及ＲＩＡ对仔鼠脑Ｍ－Ｒ、单胺递质和ＡＶＰ进行测定。结果显示：随功率密度增加，辐射导致仔鼠学习记忆功能损伤程度加重、脑内ＡＶＰ及ＤＡ水平递减、海马区Ｂｍａｘ递增，５３ＧＨｚ及６０ＧＨｚ辐射导致胎仔损伤较３７．４ＧＨｚ及４２．２ＧＨｚ为重。毫米波导致胚胎损伤阈值在１ｍＷ／ｃｍ２～３ｍＷ／ｃｍ２，其导致仔鼠学习记忆功能降低与使其脑中ＡＶＰ及ＤＡ含量下降及海马区胆碱能神经活性降低相关。

To clarify the mechanism of lowering learning capacity and memory of the adult offspring of mice, 2month old BALB/c mice were separatelyirradiated by millimeter wave with frequencies of 37.4 ～ 60GHz at power densities of 1～8mW/cm2 for 2h daily from 0th to 15th day of gestation. The test of learning capacity and memory of adult offspring were employed on Ytype electric maze. The quantity of MR and its affinity to ligand, the contents of monoamine transmitter and AVP in the brain of the fetuses at term, adult offspring were measured by using RBA,HPLCECD and RIA separately. The results showed that millimeter wave irradiation at an increased power density caused an increased degree of injury to the learning capacity and memory of the offspring. It significantly caused gradual decrease of the content of AVP and DA in brain of the adult offspring. It obviously resulted in gradual increase of Bmax in hippocampus of the adult offspring. Millimeter wave irradiation with frequencies of 53 and 60GHz could cause the offsprings more serious injury than that with frequencies of 37.4 and 42.2GHz. The authors proposed that the threshold of fetuses injury induced by millimeter wave irradiation to pregnant mice is between 1～3mW/cm2. The mechanism that millimeter wave irradiation lowered learning capacity and memory of the adult offspring was closely related to a decrease of the content of AVP, DA in the brain, as well as a reduced function of cholinergic nerves in the hippocampus. Millimeter wave had an athermal effect.