新企业机会发现方式及其对机会创新性作用解析

Research on Opportunity Discovery Patterns and the Newness of Opportunity of New Ventures

新企业创业者发现机会的方式与其所识别机会的创新性,直接影响着新企业绩效。本文从行为过程出发,立足于新企业孕育阶段,将机会发现方式分为系统搜索和偶然发现,并在可操作角度层面,开发出成本支出、可复制性和主动搜索信息3个区分维度。本文系统梳理了机会发现方式的研究成果,总结机会发现方式对机会创新性的影响,归纳先前知识在机会发现过程中的调节作用,力求为今后的创业理论研究和实践活动探索道路。

Since the opportunity discovery patterns and the newness of opportunity play an important role in the performance of new ventures, more and more researchers become interested in this field. This paper focuses on the new venture behavior during gestation period. We propose that systematic search and fortuitous discovery are two patterns of opportunity discovery. Besides that, we put forward three dimensions to distinguish them, that is, having a cost, replicability and the initiative to search for information. After that, we systematically reviews the research on opportunity discovery patterns, and then we summarize the influence of opportunity discovery patterns on the newness of opportunity as well as the moderating role of prior knowledge, which aim to show the direction for entrepreneurship research and real practice in this field.