轴承钢球表面缺陷的快速检测方法

Rapid Detection Method of Surface Defects of Steel Ball for Bearing

针对目前轴承钢球表面缺陷检测方法中存在的问题,提出了一种快速检测方法。设计的钢球表面展开结构,解决了钢球表面快速展开问题,能够在快速展开的同时保证检测面的完整性;通过改进光源和检测槽设计,消除了图像采集过程中的钢球表面镜面反射干扰;结合计算机数字图像处理与模式识别技术,实现了背景和钢球的分离、钢球和疵斑的分离,达到了获取钢球表面缺陷特征的目的,使得检测过程自动化。实际使用表明,该方法能够对钢球表面的点子、擦伤、烧伤、划伤、裂纹等缺陷进行检测,可用于钢球表面缺陷在线检测。

Taking aim at the issue occurred now in detection method of surface defects of steel ball for bearing, a rapid detection method was proposed. An expansion structure of steel ball was designed to resolve its rapid expansion and ensure the integrity of the detected surface simultaneously; specular reflection disturbance of steel ball surface occurred in image acquisition was eliminated via the design improvement of light source and check slot; separating steel ball from background, pits from steel ball was realized by digital image processed with computer and pattern recognition to achieve the purpose of acquiring characteristics of the pits and making detection process automatization. In actual experience, it shows that the method is available for detecting surface defects of the steel ball, such as pits, scratches, burn marks, scuffs, cracks, etc. and used for on-line detection of surface defects of the steel ball.