制度约束、外资依赖与FDI的技术溢出

The Institutional Constraint,the Dependence on Foreign Capital,and the Technology Spillover of Foreign Direct Investments

改革开放以来,中国经济维持了近30年的高速增长,而在这一过程中,中国经济表现出了非常明显的外资依赖特征。从现实情况来看,中国这种遍及各类产业的外资依存度偏高现象并不能通过开放程度以及技术差距扩大而得到完整的解释。本文从中国转轨阶段的实际情况出发,从理论和实证方面分析了对民营经济的抑制与对外资部门的过度鼓励这两种主要的制度约束在外资依存度增加过程中扮演的角色,并进一步揭示了这种由制度约束所引发的外资依赖对FDI的技术溢出效应所可能产生的不利影响。

Since the economic reform and opening to the outside world,China's economy has kept rising for nearly 30 years,during which China's economy has reflected very obvious characteristics of reliance on foreign capital(ROFC).Viewed from the present reality,the high degree of the ROFC of China's various industries cannot be completely explained with the degree of openness and technology gap.In this paper,we have,starting from the actual situation at the period of China's economic transition,analyzed theoretically and empirically the functions of the constraints of the two leading systems—the curb on private economy and the excessive encouragement to foreign sectors—in the increase in dependence on foreign capital,and further disclosed the possible negative effects of the ROFC triggered by the system restraints on the technology spillover of foreign direct investments.