棉花杂种优势利用的回顾与展望

Review and Prospect on Cotton Heterosis Utilization

回顾了棉花杂种优势利用的历程与杂交棉优势表现,阐述了棉花人工去雄授粉、化学杀雄、雄性不育系等杂种优势的利用现状与途径,提出了棉花杂种优势的利用是提高棉花产量和品质的有效途径,并建议在我国现有农业生产技术条件下,棉花杂种优势的进一步广泛利用需将棉花杂交种与种植方式改革紧密结合,尽量选择F2仍有较高优势的杂交组合,建立相应的杂交棉种生产体系,进一步加强转基因抗病虫杂交棉育种研究和生产应用。

This paper reviewed the course of cotton heterosis utilization and heterosis of hybrid cotton, described the advances and ways of cotton heterosis utilization, such as hand - emasculation and pollination, ehemieal emaseulation, male sterility and so on, and proposed that the cotton heterosis utilization was an effective way to increase cotton yield and fiber quality. Under the existing agrieuhural technical conditions in China, cotton heterosis was utilizated widely by planting pattern and cotton hybird combining closely, trying to choose the still higher F2 hybrid combination, establishing corresponding planting system of cotton hybrid, and further strenghening the breeding and production applications of pest - resistant transgenic hybrid cotton.