新疆绿洲棉田土壤养分时空分布特点

Characteristics of Spatial Distribution in Soil Nutriention of Cotton Field in Xinjiang Oasis

采用土壤调查、分析测试和数理统计的方法研究了新疆典型绿洲棉田土壤养分的时空分布特点,研究结果表明:北疆大部分土壤养分状况好于南疆,尤其是有效、,北疆比南疆高1倍左右;南、北疆土壤速效氮、速效磷、有机质大部分处于中低水平,北疆有效钾大部分处于高水平,南疆有效钾大部分处于低水平;土壤全氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾和有机质等化学指标与地理经纬度有一定的相关性,有些指标与地理经纬度呈显著或极显著的相关性;随着种植年限的增加,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷含量先增加,然后开始趋于稳定;土壤碱解氮、有效磷含量,随着种植年限的增加而不断增加;土壤钾素状况随着种植年限的增加有下降趋势。

The characteristics of spatial distribution in soil nutrient of cotton field in typical oasis of Xinjiang were investigated by analytical test and mathematical statistics. The result demonstrated that the status in soil nutrient of north of Xinjiang is better than that of the south of Xinjiang. Especially available potassium in the North of Xinjiang is one time higher than in the South of Xinjiang; Most of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matter of Xinjiang cotton field soil are in a low-level,most of the available potassium in the North of Xinjiang is in high - level. But the most of available potassium in south of Xinjiang is in low level. Chemical indicators of soil such as total niemgen , total phosphorus and organic matter have certain relevance with geographic longitude and latitude. Some indicators have significant or extremely significant correlations with geographic. With the increase of age limit of cultivation, soil organic total matter, nitrogen total phosphorus content increased first, and then began to stabilize or decline slightly; The soil potassium was decreased with increasing of age limit of cultivation.