从百颂体《弥勒授记经》来看中印及周边的文化交流

The Maitreyavyākara■a as Evidence for Cultural Exchange among China,India and Adjacent Regions

百颂体(■ataka)的《弥勒授记经》(Maitreyavyākara■a)是佛教文献中《授记经》系列的最终形式。现存四个梵语本,另有汉文、藏文和波斯文各一个译本。本文拟通过对这些文献的文句、内容和产生背景的比对分析,考察同一"母本"在不同的时间、地域和民族间的互有关联又不尽相同的表现形态,进而追寻中印及周边的文化交流痕迹。

The Maitreyavyatkara.na in Sataka form represents the last phase of the vyakaran, a serial within the Buddhist literary tradition concerning the figure of ＂Maitreya＂. So far the following versions of the text have been discovered： four Sanskrit texts and three translations in Chinese, Tibetan and Persian, re- spectively. Through philological comparison and analysis of the wording, content and background of each of these seven versions, it is possible to reconstruct how an Urtext took on slightly altered forms, as it spread in different times, locations and nations. These variations can then be used as evidence to investigate into the traces of cultural exchange among China, India and adjacent regions, which are not included in historical records.