纳米水在小麦×玉米诱导小麦单倍体中的应用

Study on Applying Nano-water to Inducing Wheat Haploid in Wheat×Maize Crosses

为了研究纳米水处理对小麦×玉米中单倍体诱导效率的影响,将4个小麦基因型与1个玉米基因型进行杂交,杂交后用两种不同的2,4-D溶液(溶剂分别为纳米水和普通水)处理杂交穗。结果表明,纳米水处理的平均诱导效率明显优于对照处理。两种处理的子房膨大率分别为67.43%和61.11%;得胚效率分别为3.89%和2.61%;胚萌发率分别为48.87%和37.50%;单倍体植株获得率分别为28.77%和1.79%;单倍体植株获得效率分别为1.11%和0.11%。t测验结果表明,纳米水处理的单倍体植株获得率和获得效率显著高于对照。由此可见,纳米水处理在小麦×玉米远缘杂交中能明显提高小麦单倍体诱导效率。

In order to study the influence of nano-water on efficiency of haploid induction, distant hybridization had been done between 4 genotype of wheat（Triticum aestiuum L. ） and 1 genotype of maize（Zea mays L. ）. Hybridized spikes were processed after the distant hybridization of two different 2,4-D solutions prepared by nano-water and ordinary water（CK）, respectively. The results showed that efficiency of induction of nano-water treatment was markedly superior to contrast treatment. On average, 67.43% and 61.11% of caryopses development frequency, 3.89% and 2.61% of embryo formation efficiency, 48.87% and 37.50% of embryo generation frequency, 28.77% and 1.79% of haploid formation frequency, and 1. 11%o and 0.11% of haploid formation efficiency were produced by the nano-water treatment and contrast treatment, respectively. The t test results showed that haploid formation frequency and haploid formation efficiency of nano-water treatment was significantly superior to contrast treatment （P significant level of 0. 0161 and 0. 0310, respectively）. Therefore, the nano-water treatment can significantly improve the efficiency of haploid induction in wheat × maize distant hybridization.