不同保护性耕作模式对冬小麦籽粒品质的影响

Effects of Different Conservation Tillage Patterns on Grain Quality of Winter Wheat

为了解保护性耕作对冬小麦籽粒品质的影响,在山东胶东地区旱地设置传统耕作(CT)、还田免耕(NT1)、整秆覆盖免耕(NT2)、深松还田(NTS)4个不同耕作模式,测定和分析了各模式下冬小麦籽粒基本品质性状、淀粉糊化特性、面团吹泡指标、稠度指标和拉伸仪参数。结果表明,与传统耕作相比,保护性耕作能改善小麦籽粒品质。在3个保护耕作模式中,NT1和NT2对冬小麦籽粒蛋白质含量没有影响,但可改善面筋质量、加工品质及面团弹性,NT2还有利于改善小麦面团拉伸特性;NTS则能显著提高小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、沉淀值和湿面筋含量,改善面条蒸煮品质、加工品质、口感及面团拉伸特性,但降低了延伸性。综合各品质性状表现,以NTS最优,NT2和NT1次之。

In order to provide technological supports for conservation tillage in Jiaodong peninsula, the effects of winter wheat of different conservation tillage patterns on grain quality were studied under conservation tillage in dry land. There were four treatments of conventional tillage（CT）, straw returning no-tillage（NT1）, all-pole straw returning no-tillage（NT2）, straw returning and subsoiling no-tillage（NTS）. Basic quality starch gelatinization characteristics, alveograph indices, consistograph indices and extensograph parameters of wheat grain were investigated in this study. Results showed that conservation tillage could improve winter wheat grain quality , NT2 and NT1 had no effects on protein content of winter wheat , but improved gluten quality, milling quality and dough resilience, and NT2 improved extensograph parameters of winter wheat flour. However,NTS significantly improved winter wheat protein content, sedimentertation value, wet gluten content, noodle cooking quality, flour processing quality and taste and extensograph parameters, hut decreased extensihility. In general, NTS was the best, then followed NT2 and NT1.