集体道德责任研究的当代论争

Contemporary debates on collective moral responsibility

通常认为,道德责任的主体是个体的人,但当代越来越多的研究者认为,集体也是道德责任的主体、道德评价的对象。这种理解上的差异,在当代西方哲学界衍生出了一个庞大的问题域,何谓集体道德责任、哪些群体应负道德责任、集体道德责任如何分配等问题已经成为道德哲学、政治哲学、心灵哲学等争论的焦点。

It is thought that the agent of moral responsibility is individual person, but today more and more researchers argue that collective should also be the agent of moral responsibility and the object of moral evaluation. A huge field of issue has derived from this divergence of opinion in contemporary western philosophy. These issues, such as： What is collective moral responsibility？ What kinds of groups can be understood as collectively responsible for bringing about harm？ How can collective moral responsibility be distributed？ have been the debating point in moral philosophy, political philosophy, and philosophy of mind.