载流摩擦磨损中不同放电现象的机理研究

Study on the Mechanisms of Different Discharge Phenomena in the Process of Friction and Wear with Electric Current

在销盘摩擦磨损试验机上试验研究不锈钢/浸金属碳的载流摩擦磨损性能,并记录试验过程中的放电现象。试验结果表明,与电源阴极相连的销试样以火花放电为主,与电源阳极相连的销试样以电弧放电为主。不同放电的形式对销试样的磨损特性有明显的影响,且放电强度随着电流的增加而增强。分析放电现象的机理表明,摩擦副的振动、电源的极性、接触的面积和摩擦副的相对运动是造成上述2种不同放电现象的主要原因。通过对放电机理和磨损特性的研究,为城市轨道交通接触线—受电弓系统稳定运行,提出减小弓网离线放电的措施。

A series of experimental tests on friction and wear behavior of stainless steel/copper impregnated metallized carbon carrying electric current were carried out on a pin-on-disc tester.The discharge phenomena during the tests were recorded.The result indicates that there are two different discharge phenomena,spark discharge and arc discharge.When the pin is connected to the power supply cathode,the spark discharge is dominant,while the arc discharge is dominant when the pin is connected to the power supply anode.The result indicates that different discharge phenomena have obvious effects on the wear behavior of the pin samples and that the discharge intensity increases with the increase of the electric current intensity. Analysis of discharge phenomena indicates that the vibration of the friction pair, power polar, contact area and relative movement of the friction pair are the main reasons which cause above two different discharge phenomena. Through the studies on discharge mechanism and wear behaviors, some measures are put forward to reduce off-line discharge of pantograph-catenary systems, which may be referred for a stable operation of pantograph-catenary systems of urban rail transit in China.