摘要
管腔内支架(endoluminal stent,ES)是采用高性能医用金属和(或)高分子材料加工制成的一种可以长期或暂时留置于体内的假体(prosthesis)。将这种假体通过介入放射学手段置入人体,用于治疗血管或非血管管腔狭窄或扩张性疾病的过程,称为ES治疗。此项治疗技术的实验研究开始于60年代末期,临床应用研究自80年代前期方逐步兴起。ES治疗的开展不仅在很大程度上解决了PTA治疗的不足,明显提高了闭塞性血管疾病的临床治疗效果,而且进一步拓宽了介入放射学的应用领域。但ES置入后再狭窄的防治及进一步提高远期疗效仍是亟待解决的课题。 我国ES治疗研究起步较晚,但发展较快。目前国外所开展的ES治疗项目,我国已大多能够开展,但在ES研制和生产、销售及应用推广方面仍需加强投入力度和严格管理。 目前无论在新型ES开发研制和治疗技术的应用方面,还是在ES再狭窄的防治及临床疗效提高方面,均取得了突破性进展。并且显示了极为广阔的发展前景。 本文将围绕以上几方面,就其近年来取得的最新进展、目前的研究热点及今后的发展方向结合有关文献做概括性论述。
Endoluminal stent (ES) is a kind ofprosthesis made either of high capacity metal formedical usage or of high polymer material, which canbe temporarily or perpetually left in body organs.While ES method refers to the treatment of diseasessuch as the stenosis or dilation of blood vessels ornon - blood vessels by leaving these prosthesis inbody organs through interventional techniques. Thelaboratory study of this technique began in 1969 andin the early 1980s arose its clinical application stud-ies. The development of ES treatment not only amendsthe foibles of PTA, which obviously improves the curativeeffect of obstructive blood vessels, but also expands theapplication field of interventional radiology. However theprevention of re - stricture after the placement of ES andthe improvement of middle to long term curative effect arestill problems urgently to be resolved. In our country thestudy of ES treatment arose relatively late but developedfast. Up to now, most of the world popular treatmentmethods of ES are already widely applied within our country. Prominent progress has been made not onlyin the new development of ES and its application,but also in the curative effect of lesion re - stricture.All these indicated the prosperous future of ES, butits development, manufacture, and marketing shouldbe properly managed and strictly supervised. This articleis dedicated to present an overview of ES's newest devel-opment, present study focus and reasonable surmise of itsfuture evolution.
