大型船舶汽包水位SVM预测控制研究

Research on SVM Predictive Control of Water Level in Large Ship's Steam Drum

为了提高大型船舶(蒸汽动力)在海战、避碰等特殊情况下的机动灵活性,保证锅炉汽包水位在规定的范围内波动,降低汽包水位暂态超调和稳态误差是十分必要的。在基于支持向量机的模型预测控制(MPC)算法的基础上,结合模型预测控制、串级调节的优点,提出了锅炉汽包水位控制系统的控制策略。内回路采用模型预测控制,快速消除给水流量的扰动;外回路采用基于结构不变性原理的前馈补偿控制,解决蒸汽流量的扰动问题;同时,MPC的强鲁棒性保证了在对象特性变化的情况下系统仍具有良好的调节品质。仿真结果表明该控制策略有效,并具有很强的实用性。

In order to improve maneuvering perfomance of the steam powered large ships under special circumstances such as naval battle, avoidance of close collision and so on, to ensure that the boiler drum water level fluctuates at a range of prescribed requirement, it is necessary to lower the water level transient overshooting and to reduce the error in steady-state. Based on the SVM model predictive control （MPC） algorithm, by combining the advantages of model predictive control and cascade control, the boiler drum water level control strategy is proposed. The model predictive control is used in the inner loop to eliminate the disturbance of feed water flow rapidly, as well as structure invariance principle based on feedforward compensation control is used in outer loop to solve the perpyurbation of steam flow. At the same time the strong robustness of MPC ensures the system still has good quality of regulation under the changes of the object characteristics. The simulation results show that the control strategy is effective and is really practicable.