花背蟾蜍繁殖生态研究

A Study on Ecology of Breeding Population of Bufo Raddei in Changchun City

本文报道了吉林省长春市1994年和1995两年春季花背蟾蜍的出蛰情况、活动规律、繁殖前后的形态变化、摄食行为等繁殖生态研究．结果表明：成体出蛰先于亚成体．繁殖期活动受温度影响明显，最适繁殖气温为23℃，最适繁殖水温为22℃，繁殖高峰期后逐渐迁入陆地活动．雄体间争雌现象显著．雄体抱对欲异常强烈．怀卵量与体重及卵巢重相关，回归方程分别为：y＝1085．18＋75.36x和y=71.23＋639.10x．繁殖前后形态变化显著．繁殖期间摄食活动较弱，食物主要是蛛形纲、双翅目、鞘翅目、半翅目等水域或水边活动的动物．

This report deals with the activity,reproduction behavior,changes in physique,feeding behavior of Bufo raddei after hiberation in Changchun, Jilin from April to May of 1994 and 1995.Results show that adults finished their hiberation earlier than subadults.Bufo raddei's activity was influenced significently by temperature.The optimum temperature for reproduction was 23℃ in the air,and 22℃ in water.Reproduction peaked on 7,May,when the individuals began to migrate out of water.During reproductive period,some males fought for females.The males had a strong desire for copulation.They pared not only with opposite sexes but also with the same sexes as wen as foreign bodies.The female conceived 2186. 7±752. 80 eggs averagely .Number of eggs was related to both body weight and ovary weight.The regression equation was y = 1085.18 + 75.36x for egg number and body weight,and y= 71.23 + 639.10x for egg number and ovary weight.After reproduction.the change in physique was significent.During reproduction.they took food little,the females of which didn't feed to some extend,but some males of which usually went too feed on the land near water.They feed mainly on animals of Arachnidea and Insecta moving abuot fishpond.