麦糠土壤处理防治黄瓜根结线虫病的初步研究

Preliminary Studies on Controlling Cucumber Root-knot Nematode by Soil Treatment with Wheat Chaff

在盆栽和田间试验条件下研究了不同施用量的未腐熟麦糠和腐熟麦糠对黄瓜根结线虫病的防治效果及对植株生长的影响。盆栽试验结果表明,以土壤混施2%腐熟麦糠对黄瓜根结线虫病防治效果较好,达到54.86%,与1.8%阿维菌素EC3000倍液灌根100mL·盆-1防治效果(54.09%)相当。田间试验结果表明:沟施腐熟麦糠400g·m-2、1.8%阿维菌素EC3000倍液灌根1200mL·m-2、沟施腐熟麦糠200g·m-2和沟施未腐熟麦糠400g·m-24个处理对黄瓜根结线虫病防治效果较好,分别达到78.60%、73.53%、68.47%和68.47%。各处理对黄瓜生长均有一定的促进作用,其中沟施腐熟麦糠400g·m-2对黄瓜的促生作用最为明显。进一步研究腐熟麦糠与腐熟豆秸、腐熟花生壳混合的防病效果,结果表明:沟施腐熟麦糠+腐熟豆秸200g·m-2、沟施腐熟麦糠+腐熟花生壳200g·m-2的防治效果与沟施腐熟麦糠400g·m-2的处理无显著差异,防治效果分别为55.91%、53.76%和56.99%。

The effect of rotten and fresh wheat chaff on controlling cucumber root-knot nematode and plant growth were investigated in plots and pot, respectively. The control effect of 2 % rotten wheat chaff mixed with soil, poured root with 1.8 % abamectin EC 3 000 times liquid diluent were 54. 86 % and 54.09 % in pot. The result in plots experiment showed that furrow application 400 g·m^-2 rotten wheat chaff, poured root with 1.8 % abamectin EC 3 000 times liquid diluent, furrow application 200 g·m^-2 rotten wheat chaff and 400 g·m^-2 fresh wheat chaff have prominent control effects on root-knot nematode. They were 78.60 % , 73.53 % , 68.47 % and 68.47 % , respectively. All kinds of treatment could promote cucumber plant growth, but furrow application 400 g·m^-2 rotten wheat chaff had the best result. Further study showed that the control effect of 200 g·m^-2 rotten wheat chaff mixed with rotten beanstalk and 200 g·m^-2 rotten wheat chaff mixed with rotten peanut husk by furrow application were 55.91% , 53.76 % and 56.99 % , respectively. It was similar to the effect of furrow application 400 g·m^-2 rotten wheat chaff.