无线传感器网络路由协议改进方案

Routing protocol improvement for wireless sensor network

针对无线传感器网络中节点能量的有限性问题,在LEACH协议基础上,采用新型的簇首选择机制,通过考虑候选节点的剩余能量、地理位置等参数来优化簇首选择,从而避免了低能耗和位置不佳的节点被选为簇头;同时为避免簇头节点能耗过多,引入节点度的概念;然后根据簇头离基站的距离对区域进行划分,实现多跳传输,进而保证了网络内节点能量负载的均衡性。仿真实验结果表明,新的算法机制能够更好地均衡网络内的节点能量,从而延长了节点与网络的寿命。

Aiming at the limited battery power of nodes on wireless sensor network and on the basis of the protocol LEACH, a new strategy of cluster-head selection was used. The remaining energy and the position of the sensor node were taken as the parameter to optimize the process of cluster-head selection. It was avoided that choosing nodes with lower residual energy and bad position as cluster-heads. In the meanwhile, to avoid excessive energy consumption in cluster-head, the concept of node-degree was introduced. And then the node＇s region was divided based on the distance of cluster-head between the sink nodes to achieve multi-hop transmission, the energy load＇s proportionality of sensor node was provided. The simulation results show that the new strategy of algorithm achieves great advance in sensor and network＇s life time.