金州区大樱桃减产原因及对策研究

Reduction Reason and Countermeasure Research in Cherry Production in Jinzhou

利用金州气象站1993年和2008年大樱桃物候期的4～5月气温、降水、日照资料,对金州区大樱桃减产原因及对策进行了研究。结果表明:大樱桃花期4月下旬遇低温、倒春寒,导致了大樱桃开花期严重的落花,是金州大樱桃大面积减产的主要原因;花期连阴雨天、光照不足是大樱桃减产的重要因素;花期传粉受阻,致使授粉授精不良,造成樱桃大量萎缩脱落,也是导致大樱桃大面积减产的原因。针对以上原因,提出了选地建园,选用耐低温品种和配置授粉树,重视整形修剪,营造防护林,低温前灌水与花期放蜂,适时根外追肥的具体对策。

Make use of Jinzhou meteorological bureau＇ s data about temperature, precipitation sunshine in cherry phenophase of 1993 and 2008 from April to May,the reduction reason and countermeasures in cherry production were analyzed in detail.The results showed that serious petals shattering was the main cause for dropping in large cherry production in Jinzhou due to late April low temperature and late spring coldness in florescence;continuous wet weather and inadequate light were important factors;hampered pollination was also the main reason for reduction, which make bad pollination and insemination,and then atrophy and abscission.In this situation,the countermeasures were pointed to increase the cherry production.For example, cultivated land choosing and orchard establishment ,low-temperature tolerant cultivars and pollination tree planting, pruning, protection forest planting, irrigation before low temperature, raising bees in florescence, root fertilization and so on.