2005—2008年江西省碘缺乏病监测结果分析

Analysis of surveillance results of iodine deficiency disorders in Jiangxi Province during 2005 - 2008

目的通过对碘缺乏病开展连续监测，掌握江西省碘缺乏病消长动态，制订有针对性的碘缺乏病防治对策。方法2005—2008年．在江西省碘缺乏病10个监测县（市、区）各抽取5个乡（镇），每个乡（镇）抽取的1所小学．每所小学抽取40名8～10岁小学生检查甲状腺，同时采集家中盐样测定盐碘；在上述学生中抽取6名学生测定尿碘，抽取20名学生测定智商；在每所小学各抽取20名5年级学生和学校周边5户家庭主妇进行碘缺乏病健康教育问卷调查。在10个监测县（市、区）各抽取30名孕妇测定尿碘。甲状腺检查采用触诊法和B超法．盐碘测定采用直接滴定法，尿碘测定采用酸消化砷铈分光光度法，学生智商测定采用《中国瑞文联合型测验》农村版。结果2005—2008年监测结果表明，8～10岁学生平均甲状腺肿大率范围在2．00％～4．60％：居民盐碘中位数为30．00mg／kg，居民合格碘盐食用率均≥95％；学生智商（IQ）≥90的学生均超过76％；学生和孕妇尿碘中位数均〉100μg／L，〈50μg／L的比例持续在4％以下；学生碘缺乏病健康教育问卷调查及格率分别在11．67％～43．50％，家庭主妇碘缺乏病健康教育问卷调查及格率在92．50％～99．60％。结论江西省人群碘缺乏状况得到了明显改善，已达到消除碘缺乏病标准。

Objective To investigate the fluctuation of the iodine deficiency disorders（IDD） through continuous monitoring on it. Methods During 2005 - 2008, 10 monitoring countis （city,district） of IDD were selected in Jiangxi Province. Five townships were selected in each monitoring county, one school was selected in each townships, and 40 students in 8 - 10 years old from each school were selected to inspect their thyroid glands and determined the idodine content of salts from their home. Among the 40 students, 20 of which were selected to determine the intelligence quotient（IQ ） and 6 of which were selected to determine urine iodine. Thirty pregnant women were also selected to determine the urine iodine in each monitoring county. Twenty students of 5th grade in each school and 5 housewives living nearby the school were selected to carry out the questionnaire survey of health education about 1DD. Results Monitoring results showed the average goiter rate of 8 - 10 years old students was between 2.00% and 4.60% during 2005 - 2008. The rate of IQ of the students higher than 90 was all above 76% each year. The median of urine iodine of students and pregnant women was higher than 100 μg/L, and the proportion of people whose urine iodine content was lower than 50 μg/L was below 4% each year. The rate of inhabitant taking qualified idodine salt wasn＇t lower than 95%. The pass rate of the questionnaire survey of health education about IDD was between 1 1.67% and 43.50% in students and 92.50% - 99.60% in housewives. Conclusions The situation of iodine deficiency in Jiangxi Province has been greatly improved, reaching the standard of eliminating IDD.