河北省低碘盐覆盖率地区重点人群碘营养状况调查

Analysis on iodine nutrition status of the target population in areas with low coverage rate of iodized salt in Hebei Province

目的调查河北省低碘盐覆盖率地区重点人群碘营养状况，为调整和完善碘缺乏病防治措施提供依据。方法在河北省碘盐覆盖率〈80％的地区开展调查，共涉及7个县（市、区）。在每个县（市、区）抽取3个乡（镇、街道办事处），每个乡（镇、街道办事处）抽取2所小学，每所小学检测40名8—10岁儿童尿碘，采集小学所在村居民饮用水进行水碘检测；每村抽取20名育龄妇女测定其家中食盐含碘量，并测定其中10名妇女的尿碘。结果7个县（市、区）共采集水样62份，水碘范围为5．8—272．7μg/L，有3份水碘≥150μg／L。采集居民食用盐样品872份，碘盐覆盖率为70．74％（585／827），有5个县（市、区）碘盐覆盖率〈80％。采集儿童尿样1660份，尿碘范围为10．0-1088．0μg／L，尿碘中位数为173．7μg/L，〈20μg／L的尿样4份。采集妇女尿样437份，尿碘中位数为179．1μg／L，其中东光县儿童和育龄妇女尿碘中位数最高，分别为251．8、273．8μg／L；河间市最低，分别为130．8、118．7μg／L。结论河北省低碘盐覆盖率地区儿童和育龄妇女尿碘中位数处于适宜水平，但在河间市、安平县尿碘中位数〈150μg／L的地区，孕妇和哺乳妇女存在碘不足的可能。

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status of the target population living in the areas with low coverage rate of iodized salt and to provide a basis to prevent and control iodine deficiency. Methods The investigation was carried out in the areas with coverage rate of iodized salt lower than 80%, including 7 counties （city, district）. Three townships （sub-district office） were sampled in each county and two elementary schools in each township（sub-district office）. Urinary iodine level was measured for 40 children aged from 8 to 10 years old in each elementary school. Drinking water iodine was collected and determined in their living villages. Twenty salt samples were tested for iodine in salt from 20 house which had fertile women, and urine iodine of 10 fertile women were tested in each village. Results Sixty-two water samples were determined and the water iodine was ranged from 5.8 to 272.7 μg/L, of which 3 water samples were equal and more than 150 μg/L. Eight hundred and seventy-two salt samples were collected. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 70.74% （585/827） and the coverage rates were below than 80% in 5 counties （city, district）. A total of 1660 children＇ urine samples were collected, the content of urine iodine ranged from 10.0 to 1088.0 μg/L and the urine iodine median was 173.7 μg/L. Four hundred and thirty- seven urine samples were collected from the fertile women and the urine iodine median was 179.1 μg/L. The iodine level of children and women was the highest in Dongguang County（251.8,273.8μg/L） while that of Hejian County （130.8,118.7 μg/L） was the lowest. Conclusions Although the iodine nutrition of children and fertile women is appropriate in areas with low coverage rate of iodized salt, we presume from the results that the possibility of iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating＇women exists in Hejian and Anping.