实验性视网膜脱离时外源性bFGF对视网膜细胞凋亡的干预作用

Interference effect of exogenous bFGF on apoptosis of retinal cells in experimental retinal detachment

目的研究实验性视网膜脱离（RD）后家兔视网膜细胞凋亡情况，探讨RD后视功能损伤机制，观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）对细胞凋亡的干预作用。方法从42只青紫兰兔中随机选取40只兔，将每只兔的左、右眼分为实验对照组和治疗组。视网膜下注射玻璃酸钠（爱维）建立RD动物模型后，取右眼在玻璃体腔内注射10IU／2μl dbFGF溶液，作为治疗组；左眼注射平衡盐溶液（BSS）20μl作为实验对照组。剩余2只家兔设为正常对照组，不作任何处理，在实验观察结束时取眼球。三组均采用HE染色、原位末端标记法（TUNEL）和透射电子显微镜观察视网膜细胞凋亡情况，并进行细胞计数和统计学检验。结果RD早期就有细胞凋亡的发生。视网膜各层细胞均可见凋亡细胞，内核层、节细胞层分布最多。凋亡细胞数随脱离时间延长而变化（P〈0．01）。bFGF组的凋亡细胞数比BSS组少（P〈0．01）。电镜下可见除正常对照组基本无凋亡细胞外，其余两组均观察到凋亡细胞，。bFGF组中典型凋亡细胞明显少于实验对照组。结论实验性RD时视网膜组织细胞中存在异常凋亡，可能是RD后视功能损伤机制之一。玻璃体腔内给予bFGF可以抑制视网膜细胞凋亡，为临床治疗视网膜脱离提供参考。

Objective To investigate the interference effect of basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） on apoptosis of retinal cells in experimental retinal detachment （RD）.At the same time to observe the changes of apoptosis of retinal cells, and explore the pathogenesis of RD.Methods Forty cyanotic blue rabbits were selected randomly from 42 rabbits, and the left and right eyes were in the experimental control group and bFGF group, respectively.After the RD model was set up by subretinal injection with 201.1 1 of sodium hyaluronate; bFGF （ 10IU / 20μl） was injected into the vitreous body of the right eyes as the bFGF group; 20μl BSS （balanced salt solution） was injected into vitreous body of left eyes as experimental control group.Another 2 rabbits were selected as the normal control group, which underwent none of the injections.At the end of the observation period eyeballs of the two rabbits were extracted.Routine pathological examination, TUNEL （TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling） and Transmission electron microscopy were used to detect the apoptosis of the retinal cells.Cell counts and statistical analysis were used to assess the results.Results Typical apoptosis cells were observed in the early time of RD.Apoptosis cells was found in each retinal layers, especially in inner nuclear layers and Ganglion cell layer.The number of apoptosis cells changed as the time of RD was prolonged （P〈 0.01 ）.It was also found that apoptosis cells in bFGF group were less than that in the experimental control group （P〈0.01）.Typical apoptotic cells in bFGF group were less than experimental control group.Conclusions In the experiment of RD, abnormal apoptosis was observed in the retinal cells.Apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of visual function injury after RD. Intravitreous injection of exogenous bFGF may inhibit the apoptosis of retinal cells in experimental RD.