双闭环直流调速的控制算法研究

Studies on Control Algorithm of Double Loop D. C. Speed Regulation System

本文分析了双闭环直流调速系统出现的转速起调过大和非越调退饱和的原因及解决方法，讨论了各种常现控制其法的优缺点，给出了智能速度调节器的设计方法。在常规的比例一积分（PI）控制中，若把转速调节器（ASR）与限幅器算法分开，则会因积分饱和使转速超调量过大；若将ASR和限幅作用合为一体，则ASR会过早退出饱和。这两种算法都使速度调节过程大大增长。采用积分分离算法，适时加入积分运算，可以解决上述矛盾。智能控制其法在转速上升过程由计算机直接输出限幅值，当转速接近稳态值时，才进行PI调节以消除稳态误差。智能算法计算量小，可靠性高，使电机能够快速无超调起制动。作者在计算机控制的飞锯装置中采用智能算法，取得相当满意的效果。

This paper is the analysis and discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of different control algorithm in double loop D. C. speed regulation system,and the presentation of design method for intelligent speed regulator. In the routine proportional-integral control (PI),the speed has high overshoot due to integral saturation if speed regulator (ASR) and magnitude limiter are parted from each other. Yet if ASR and limiter are joined together,ASR will exit saturation be fore the speed reaches a steady value. The problems mentioned may be solved if the parted proportional-integral control or intelligent control is used. The intelligent control which has little computation to per form,is reliable and enables a motor to start and stop quickly without overshoot.The author applies intelligent control to a traversing saw,which proved to be total satisfactory.