法律判断如何证成?——“阿列克西难题”及其解决

How to Justify a Legal Judgment:On "Alexy ’s problem" and Its Solution

法律判断如何证成?法学家们进行了多种尝试,其中的主要进路有:价值论进路、事实进路、逻辑进路、诉诸听众的进路、理想的言谈环境进路以及阿列克西的综合进路。但这些进路都分别存在着一些问题。那么,是什么使得法律判断得以证成的呢?如维特根斯坦所说的,法律不过是"语言游戏"之一种,其正当性存在于一定社会的"生活形式"之中,亦即实践之中。因此,我们只能从风俗、习惯、制度和传统等因素之中去寻找法律判断的正当性根据。

How to justify a legal judgment？ Legal experts have tried various routs to find an answer for the question, including the value route, factual route, logical route, appealing-to-audience route, ideal talking-situation route and Alexy＇s integrative route. All these routes are prone to limitations and have failed to solve Alexy＇s problem thoroughly. Then, what can justify a legal judgment？ As Wittgenstein put it, the law is no more than a kind of language games, the justification for which consists in the ＂life form＂ of a society, namely, in the practice. It follows that we should search for the basis of the justification of a legal judgment from the customs, habits, institutions and traditions of a society.