论孙犁“边缘生存”的人生哲学

On Sun Li's Philosophy of "Marginal Existence"

"边缘生存"是"孙犁现象"一个至关重要的特征。出于自身的气质、学养和由对中国历史、知识分子命运的探索和反思而得的生存智慧,孙犁在中晚年形成了特色独具、学理深邃的"边缘生存"的人生哲学。这一人生哲学,在孙犁的中期,带有意向性、经验性色彩,而在其后期,则完全上升到哲学高度,显示了相当丰富的哲理、伦理、审美和人生智慧等方面的丰富内涵及整体性。其外在表征,虽类乎"隐士"的形迹,但实则是文学艺术和审美上的一个带有进取性质、有所作为的态度和策略,达到了精英文化的精神生命层次和作家艺术家超越性的个体生存方式的高度,是一种高品位的人生境界。

＂Marginal existence＂ is philosophy of ＂marginal existence＂ the vital characteristic of the ＂Sun Li＇ s case＂. Sun＇ s individual and profound took shape in his middle and late days, which embodied his inherent character, learning attainments, and existing wisdom gained by exploring and reflecting Chinese history and destinies of Chinese intellectuals. His philosophy of life was volitional and empirical at his middle age, but was refined to a philosophic understanding in his late years, manifesting integrity and philosophic, ethical, aesthetic, and intelligent implications. Although apparently similar to the comings and goings of a hermit, Sun＇ s philosophy of life represents a progressive and active attitude and strategy in literature and art and aesthetics and attains the spiritual value of elitism and the summit of the writer and artist＇s excessive individual way of existence.